Chemistry

Calculate the pH of a solution from the hydrogen ion concentration.

Calculate the pOH of a solution from the hydroxide ion concentration.

Convert acid dissociation constant (Ka) to pKa.

Calculate pH, pKa, or buffer ratios using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation.

Measure the resistance of a buffer to pH change.

Calculate the volume or normality required for a neutralization reaction.

Calculate the pH of a buffer solution.

Calculate the pKa of an acid from buffer pH and concentrations.

Calculate enzyme activity based on substrate conversion.

Calculate the isoelectric point for a simple amino acid.

Calculate reaction velocity using the Michaelis-Menten model.

Determine unknown concentration from a linear standard curve (y = mx + b).

Calculate diluent volume needed to reach a target oligo concentration.

Estimate protein solubility based on salt concentration (Salting-out).

Calculate the BOD of a water sample.

Calculate the equilibrium constant (Kc) for a reaction.

Calculate the activation energy (Ea) using the Arrhenius equation.

Calculate the rate constant using the Arrhenius equation.

Convert between equilibrium constants Kp and Kc.

Calculate Kp from partial pressures.

Calculate the reaction quotient (Q) to determine the direction of a reaction.

Calculate the diffusion coefficient using the Stokes-Einstein equation.

Calculate the rate of reaction from concentration changes.

Calculate the electromotive force (EMF) of an electrochemical cell.

Calculate the mass of a substance produced during electrolysis.

Calculate the reduction potential of an electrochemical cell under non-standard conditions.

Calculate how long electrolysis needs to run to produce a certain mass.

Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom or ion.

Calculate the approximate atomic mass based on protons and neutrons.

Calculate pressure or volume changes using Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2).

Calculate volume or temperature changes using Charles's Law (V1/T1 = V2/T2).

Calculate the remaining amount of a substance after radioactive decay.

Calculate density, mass, or volume for a substance.

Calculate the molar volume of a gas or substance.

Calculate pressure or temperature changes using Gay-Lussac's Law (P1/T1 = P2/T2).

Calculate changes in P, V, or T using the Combined Gas Law.

Calculate volume or amount changes using Avogadro's Law (V1/n1 = V2/n2).

Calculate the bond order between two atoms based on bonding and antibonding electrons.

Calculate the effective nuclear charge (Zeff) using Slater's rules.

Calculate the electronegativity difference between two atoms to determine bond type.

Calculate bond order using molecular orbital theory principles.

Estimate the percent ionic character of a bond from electronegativity difference.

Calculate the boiling point of water at various altitudes.

Calculate vapour pressure using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.

Calculate the molar mass of a gas using the ideal gas law.

Calculate gas properties at Standard Temperature and Pressure.

Estimate the lattice energy of an ionic crystal.

Calculate the relative rates of effusion for two gases.

Calculate total pressure or partial pressures using Dalton's Law.

Calculate the activity and remaining amount of a radioactive isotope.

Calculate interplanar distance for cubic systems.

Calculate capillary pressure or rise in a tube.

Calculate molar refractivity using the Lorentz-Lorenz equation.

Calculate partial pressure of gases in a mixture.

Calculate the expected excitation rate in a two-photon absorption process.

Calculate parameters for a cubic crystal system.

Calculate final volume using Charles's Law (V1/T1 = V2/T2).

Calculate final pressure using Boyle's Law (P1V1 = P2V2).

Calculate final pressure using Gay-Lussac's Law (P1/T1 = P2/T2).

Calculate final volume using the Combined Gas Law.

Determine mole fraction of a gas in a mixture from its partial pressure.

Calculate the formal charge of an atom in a molecule.

Calculate average atomic mass from isotopic masses and abundances.

Determine the electron configuration of atoms based on atomic number.

Calculate vapor density relative to hydrogen.

Calculate molar volume of a gas at non-standard conditions.

Calculate the density of a crystalline solid in a cubic system.

Determine the oxygen needed to oxidize organic compounds in water.

Estimate protein content using the Kjeldahl method.

Determine the number of rings and pi bonds in an organic molecule.

Determine the age of an organic sample using Carbon-14 decay.

Calculate approximate density of liquid ethylene at low temperatures.

Determine empirical formulas from combustion products.

Determine rings and double bonds in a molecule.

Calculate the surface coverage of an adsorbent.

Calculate the molarity of a solution based on moles and volume.

Calculate the molality of a solution based on moles and solvent mass.

Calculate the normality of a solution.

Calculate concentration or volume changes during dilution (M1V1 = M2V2).

Calculate the mole fraction of a solute in a solution.

Convert parts per million (ppm) to molarity (M).

Calculate unknown concentration or volume in a titration (MaVa = MbVb).

Calculate how much bleach and water to mix for a desired concentration.

Calculate the ratio of two solutions needed to reach an intermediate concentration.

Calculate the mass percent of a solute in a solution.

Calculate the vapor pressure of an ideal solution using Raoult's Law.

Determine diluent volume for drug reconstitution.

Calculate Total Dissolved Solids from conductivity.

Estimate water hardness from calcium and magnesium levels.

Calculate concentrations for a series of dilutions.

Convert percentage concentration to molarity.

Determine the saponification value of fats and oils.

Calculate the dilution factor and total volume.

Calculate the ionic strength of a solution.

Calculate the osmotic pressure of a solution.

Calculate absorbance, concentration, or molar absorptivity using the Beer-Lambert Law.

Calculate the time a fluid stays in a tank or reactor.

Calculate volume/volume percentage for liquid mixtures.

Calculate HRT for bioreactors or treatment tanks.

Calculate the activity coefficient using the Debye-Hückel equation.

Calculate Ksp from molar solubility.

Calculate the Van't Hoff factor based on dissociation.

Calculate the solubility of a gas in a liquid.

Convert molarity (M) to parts per million (ppm).

Calculate mass concentration (g/L) of a solution.

Calculate the number of moles in a given volume of solution.

Calculate the partial molar volume of a component in a mixture.

Calculate the volume percentage of a solute in a solution.

Calculate mass by volume percentage of a solution.

Convert between normality (N) and molarity (M).

Convert between molarity (M) and normality (N).

Determine molar mass of a solute using osmotic pressure data.

Convert molality (m) to molarity (M).

Convert molarity (M) to molality (m).

Calculate the mass fraction of a component in a mixture.

Calculate initial molarity needed for a target dilution.

Determine solute concentration using absorbance data.

Calculate the percent yield of a chemical reaction.

Calculate the molar mass of a simple substance.

Convert mass in grams to the number of moles.

Convert the number of moles to mass in grams.

Convert number of moles to number of atoms or molecules.

Determine the empirical formula based on percent composition or mass.

Calculate the percent composition of an element in a compound.

Convert between mass, moles, and molecular weight.

Determine the limiting reagent in a chemical reaction.

Calculate the theoretical yield based on limiting reagent.

A tool to help visualize balanced chemical equations.

Calculate the molar ratio between reactants and products in a chemical reaction.

Calculate the ratio of air to fuel for complete combustion.

Measure the efficiency of a chemical reaction in terms of atoms used.

Convert between number of particles and moles.

Calculate the increase in boiling point of a solvent when a solute is added.

Calculate the decrease in freezing point of a solvent when a solute is added.

Calculate Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) to determine reaction spontaneity.

Calculate the degrees of freedom (F) in a system at equilibrium.

Calculate the heat released during combustion.

Measure the rate of change of a chemical or biological system as a consequence of increasing the temperature by 10 °C.

Calculate the entropy change for a reversible process.

Calculate reaction enthalpy from bond energies.

Calculate boiling point changes at different pressures.

Calculate the saturation vapor pressure of water at a given temperature.

Calculate the standard entropy change of a reaction (ΔS°).

Calculate the standard enthalpy of reaction using heats of formation.

Determine the molar mass of a solute from boiling point elevation data.

Determine the molar mass of a solute from freezing point depression data.

Calculate the molar heat of vaporization using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.

Calculate standard Gibbs free energy from formation values.

Calculate the equilibrium constant from standard Gibbs free energy change.

Calculate the enthalpy change of a reaction using average bond enthalpies.

Calculate the molar heat capacity of a substance.